SARS CoV-2, Coronaviruses Wapadera

Chiyambire mlandu woyamba wa matenda a coronavirus, mu Disembala 2019, matenda amiliri afalikira kwa anthu mamiliyoni padziko lonse lapansi.Mliri wapadziko lonse wa bukulikwambiri pachimake kupuma matenda coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)ndi imodzi mwazovuta kwambiri komanso zokhudzana ndi zovuta zapadziko lonse lapansi zamasiku ano, zomwe zikuwopseza kwambiri dziko lapansi komanso zimakhudza mbali zonse za moyo wamunthu.[1]
Ma Coronaviruses ali ndi ma virus a RNA okhala ndi chingwe chimodzi m'banja la Coronaviridae, omwe ali ndi makamu ambiri monga anthu, mileme, ngamila, ndi mitundu ya mbalame, kuphatikiza ziweto ndi anzawo, zomwe zikuwopseza thanzi la anthu. 1 Coronaviruses amaikidwa m'gulu laling'ono la Orthocoronavirinae, lomwe lagawidwanso m'magulu anayi, kutengera kusiyana kwa ma proteni: a-coronavirus, b-coronavirus, g-coronavirus, ndi d-coronavirus.Ma a-coronaviruses ndi ma b-coronaviruses amangokhudza nyama zoyamwitsa, pomwe ma g-coronaviruses ndi ma d-coronaviruses amatenga mbalame, ngakhale zina zimatha kupatsira zoyamwitsa.HCoV-229E,

oV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, SARSCoV, MERS-CoV, ndi SARS-CoV-2 ndi ma coronavirus asanu ndi awiri omwe adziwika kuti akupatsira anthu.Mwa iwo, SARSCoV ndi MERS-CoV, omwe adatulukira mu chiwerengero cha anthu mu 2002 ndi 2012, ndi owopsa kwambiri.Pomwe mitundu ya anthu ya coronavirus (HCoV) -229E, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-OC43, kapena HCoV-HKU1 yomwe imazungulira pakati pa anthu imayambitsa chimfine chokha,7 choopsa kwambiri cha kupuma kwa coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), chomwe chimayambitsa COVID-19, ndi buku la b-coronavirus, lomwe lidawonekera kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2019 ndipo ladzetsa imfa zomvetsa chisoni.Zizindikiro zoyambirira zaCOVID 19ndizofanana ndi za SARS-CoV ndi MERS-CoV: kutentha thupi, kutopa, chifuwa chowuma, kupweteka pachifuwa chapamwamba, nthawi zina kutsegula m'mimba, ndi kupuma movutikira.Mosiyana ndi zakalematenda a coronavirus (CoV)., kufalikira kwachangu padziko lonse lapansi, kuchuluka kwa matenda opatsirana, nthawi yotalikirapo, matenda osawoneka bwino, komanso kuopsa kwa matenda a SARS-CoV-2 zimafunikira chidziwitso chakuya chokhudza njira zopewera chitetezo cha ma virus.

Monga ma virus ena aanthu (SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV), SARSCoV-2 ilinso ndi RNA genome yokhala ndi chingwe chimodzi, yowoneka bwino ya kukula kwa 30 kb.Monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1, mapuloteni a viral nucleocapsid (N) amamanga jini kukhala gulu lalikulu la ribonucleoprotein (RNP), lomwe kenako limakutidwa ndi lipids ndi ma viral protein S (spike), M (membrane), ndi E (envelopu).Mapeto a 50 a genome ali ndi mafelemu awiri akulu otseguka (ORFs), ORF1a ndi ORF1b, ma polypeptides otsekera pp1a ndi pp1b, omwe amapangidwa kukhala mapuloteni 16 osakhazikika (NSPs) okhudza gawo lililonse la kuchulukana kwa ma virus ndi ma virus proteases NSP3 ndi NSP5 omwe amakhala kudoko. chigawo cha protease ngati papain ndi 3C-like protease domain, motero.9 Mapeto a 30 a genome amalowetsa mapuloteni apangidwe ndi mapuloteni owonjezera, omwe ORF3a, ORF6, ORF7a, ndi ORF7b atsimikiziridwa kuti ndi mapuloteni opangidwa ndi mavairasi omwe akukhudzidwa. pakupanga ma virus particles ndi ORF3b ndi ORF6 ntchito monga interferon antagonists.Malinga ndi kafotokozedwe kameneka potengera kufanana kwa ma b-coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 imaphatikizapo kulosera kwa mapuloteni asanu ndi limodzi (3a, 6, 7a, 7b, 8, ndi 10).Komabe, si ma ORF onsewa omwe adatsimikiziridwa moyeserera pano, ndipo kuchuluka kwenikweni kwa jini zowonjezera za SARS-CoV-2 zikadali mkangano.Choncho, sizikudziwikabe kuti ndi chibadwa chanji chomwe chimasonyezedwa ndi jini yophatikizika imeneyi .[2]
Mayeso okhudzidwa kwambiri komanso apadera ndikofunikira kuti azindikire ndikuwongolera odwala a COVID-19 komanso kukhazikitsa njira zowongolera kuti achepetse kufalikira.Mayeso a ma cell a Point-of-care (POC) amatha kuloleza kuzindikirika koyambirira komanso kudzipatula kwa2 milandu yotsimikizika ya SARS-CoV-2, poyerekeza ndi njira zowunikira ma labotale, potero kuchepetsa kufala kwapakhomo ndi anthu.
[1]Zachipatala komanso magwiridwe antchito pakuzindikira mwachangu kwa SARS-CoV-2 mu dipatimenti yadzidzidzi.
[2] Nkhondo pakati pa wolandira ndi SARS-CoV-2: Kutetezedwa kwachilengedwe komanso njira zopewera ma virus