1.0Makulitsidwe nthawi ndi matenda mbali
Covid 19ndi dzina lovomerezeka ndi World Health Organisation ku matenda atsopano okhudzana ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha kupuma kwa corona-virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).Nthawi yapakati pa makulitsidwe a Covid-19 ndi pafupifupi masiku 4-6, ndipo zimatenga
masabata kuti afe kapena achire.Zizindikiro zikuyembekezeka kuchitika m'masiku 14 kapena kupitilira apo, malinga ndiBi Q et al.(nd)kuphunzira.Magawo anayi osinthika pachifuwa cha CT scans mwa odwala a Covid-19 kuyambira pachiwonetsero;oyambirira (masiku 0-4), patsogolo (masiku 5-8), pachimake (masiku 9-13) ndi mayamwidwe (14+ masiku) (Pan F ndi al.ndi).
Zizindikiro zazikulu za odwala covid-19: malungo, chifuwa, myalgia kapena kutopa, expectoration, mutu, hemoptysis, kutsegula m'mimba, kupuma movutikira, chisokonezo, zilonda zapakhosi, chiphuphu, kupweteka pachifuwa, chifuwa chowuma, anorexia, kupuma movutikira, expectoration, nseru.Zizindikirozi zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kwa okalamba komanso anthu omwe ali ndi matenda monga shuga, mphumu kapena matenda a mtima (Viwattanakulvanid, P. 2021).
2.0 Njira yotumizira
Covid-19 ili ndi njira ziwiri zopatsirana, kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi mosalunjika.Kupatsirana mwachindunji ndi kufalikira kwa Covid-19 pogwira pakamwa, mphuno kapena maso ndi chala chodwala.Pakupatsirana kosalunjika, monga zinthu zoipitsidwa, madontho opumira ndi matenda opatsirana ndi mpweya, ndi njira inanso Covid-19 imafalira.Remuzzi(2020）Pepala la Lancet latsimikizira kufalikira kwa kachilomboka kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu
3.0Kupewa Covid-19
Kupewa COVID-19 kumaphatikizapo kuyenda kutali, zida zodzitetezera monga zophimba nkhope, kusamba m'manja komanso kuyezetsa nthawi yake.
Kutalikirana kwakuthupi:Kutalikirana ndi anthu opitilira 1 mita kuchokera kwa ena kumatha kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matenda, ndipo mtunda wa mita 2 ungakhale wothandiza kwambiri.Chiwopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka Covid-19 chimagwirizana kwambiri ndi mtunda kuchokera kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka.Ngati muli pafupi kwambiri ndi wodwala yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka, mumakhala ndi mwayi wotulutsa madontho, kuphatikiza kachilombo ka Covid-19 komwe kamalowa m'mapapu anu.
Pzida zoteteza:Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zodzitetezera monga masks a N95, masks opangira opaleshoni ndi magalasi amateteza anthu.Masks azachipatala ndi ofunikira kuti apewe kutenga kachilomboka munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka akayetsemula kapena kutsokomola.Masks osakhala achipatala amatha kupangidwa ndi nsalu zosiyanasiyana ndi zosakaniza zakuthupi, kotero kusankha kwa masks osakhala achipatala ndikofunikira kwambiri.
Hndi kusamba:Onse ogwira ntchito zachipatala komanso anthu onse azaka zonse ayenera kuchita ukhondo m'manja.Kusamba nthawi zonse ndi sopo ndi madzi kwa masekondi 20 kapena chotsukira m'manja chokhala ndi mowa ndikulimbikitsidwa, makamaka mukamagwira m'maso, mphuno, ndi pakamwa pamalo omwe pali anthu ambiri, mukakhosomola kapena kuyetsemula, komanso musanadye.Ndikofunikiranso kupewa kukhudza T-zone ya nkhope (maso, mphuno, ndi pakamwa), popeza apa ndiye malo olowera kachilomboka kupita kumtunda wakupuma.Manja amakhudza malo ambiri, ndipo ma virus amatha kufalikira m'manja mwathu.Kachilomboka kakalowa m’thupi kudzera m’maso, mphuno ndi m’kamwa(WHO).
wekhakuyesa:kudziyeza kungathandize anthu kuzindikira kachilomboka munthawi yake ndikuyankha moyenera.Mfundo yoyezetsa COVID-19 ndikuzindikira matenda a Covid-19 popeza umboni wa kachilomboka kuchokera kumapumira.Mayeso a Antigen yang'anani zidutswa za mapuloteni omwe amapanga kachilombo komwe kamayambitsa Covid-19 kuti azindikire ngati munthuyo ali ndi matenda.Chitsanzocho chidzatengedwa kuchokera ku mphuno kapena pakhosi.Zotsatira zabwino kuchokera ku mayeso a antigen nthawi zambiri zimakhala zolondola kwambiri.Antibody mayeso yang'anani ma antibodies m'magazi olimbana ndi kachilomboka komwe kamayambitsa Covid-19 kuti muwone ngati matenda am'mbuyomu adakhalapo, koma sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira matenda omwe akhudzidwa.Zitsanzo zidzatengedwa kuchokera m'magazi, ndipo kuyezetsa kudzapereka zotsatira mwamsanga.Mayesowa amazindikira ma antibodies m'malo mwa ma virus, kotero zimatha kutenga masiku kapena masabata kuti thupi lipange ma antibodies okwanira kuti azindikire.
Rtanthauzo:
1.Bi Q, Wu Y, Mei S, Ye C, Zou X, Zhang Z, et al.Epidemiology ndi kufalitsa kwa COVID-19 ku Shenzhen China: kuwunika milandu 391 ndi 1,286 mwa omwe amalumikizana nawo.mdRxiv.2020. doi: 10.1101/2020.03.03.20028423.
2.12.Pan F, Ye T, Sun P, Gui S, Liang B, Li L, et al.Nthawi yamapapo imasintha pachifuwa cha CT pakuchira ku matenda a coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19).Radiology.2020;295(3): 715-21.doi: 10.1148/radiol.2020200370.
3.Viwattanakulvanid, P. (2021), "Mafunso khumi omwe amafunsidwa kawirikawiri okhudza Covid-19 ndi maphunziro omwe aphunziridwa ku Thailand", Journal of Health Research, Vol.35 No. 4, pp.329-344.
4.Remuzzi A, Remuzzi G. COVID-19 ndi Italy: chotsatira?Lancet.2020;395(10231): 1225-8.doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30627-9.
5.World Health Orgznization [WHO].Upangiri wa matenda a Coronavirus (COVID-19) kwa anthu.[otchulidwa Apr 2022].Kuchokera ku: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public
Nthawi yotumiza: May-07-2022